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Benjamin Franklin Bache (August 12, 1769 – September 10, 1798) was an American journalist, printer and publisher. He founded the ''Philadelphia Aurora'', a newspaper that supported Jeffersonian philosophy. He frequently attacked the Federalist political leaders, including Presidents George Washington and John Adams, and historian Gordon S. Wood wrote that "no editor did more to politicize the press in the 1790s."〔Wood (2009), p. 253〕 His paper's heated attacks are thought to have contributed to Congress's passage of the Alien and Sedition Acts. The grandson of Benjamin Franklin, Bache was often referred to as "Lightning Rod Junior" after his famous grandfather's experiment. The son of Sarah Franklin and Richard Bache, he died at 29 in the yellow-fever epidemic of 1798. ==Early life== Sarah "Sally" Franklin, the only daughter of Benjamin Franklin and Deborah Read, met Richard Bache while on a visit away from her parents. They were married on November 2, 1767. On August 12, 1769 she gave birth to their son, Benjamin Franklin Bache.〔Fay, Bernard.''The Two Franklins''. Little, Brown, and Company, 1933, p. 3.〕 From the moment she set eyes on her grandson, Deborah Read Franklin fell in love with Benjamin, whom she called “her little kingbird.” She took to “Benny,” as she called him, as her very own. She and her husband had lost their only son, Francis Folger Franklin, at the age of four from smallpox. She and Benjamin had earlier taken in his illegitimate son, William Franklin, as an infant at the beginning of their marriage, and raised him in their household. Benjamin Franklin Bache was baptized on August 30, 1769 in Christ Church in Philadelphia. His godmothers were his paternal aunt and Deborah Read Franklin. His godfathers were his uncle and grandfather Benjamin Franklin, who had a proxy at the ceremony, as he was on an extended diplomatic mission in England.〔Fay (1933).''The Two Franklins'', p. 9.〕 On December 19, 1774, Deborah Read died.〔Fay (1933).''The Two Franklins'', p. 10.〕 Although he was at her funeral, the boy Benjamin regretted not having been at his grandmother's deathbed. In May 1775, at the age of five, Bache met his grandfather Benjamin Franklin for the first time when he returned from England.〔Fay (1933), ''The Two Franklins'', p. 14.〕 His grandfather’s arrival brought more tumult to his home, as Franklin had brought with him William Temple Franklin, his 15-year-old grandson, sired illegitimately in London by William Franklin. The youth was called Temple. On October 29, 1776, Franklin took his two grandsons along on his diplomatic mission to France to negotiate a firm alliance. Bache was seven when their party boarded the USS ''Reprisal'', and sailed for France. They suffered violent storms, and attacks by hostile British ships. Soon after arriving in France, Benjamin Franklin enrolled Bache in Le Coeur’s, a Parisian boarding school, after setting up his household in Passy. Bache attended Le Coeur's with other students from the British North American colonies, such as Charles Cochran, Jesse Deane, and John Quincy Adams, son of John Adams of Massachusetts.〔Tagg, James. ''Benjamin Franklin Bache and the Philadelphia Aurora''. University of Pennsylvania Press, 1991, p. 28.〕 His cousin Temple, then aged 16, served as a secretary to Franklin during his mission, but later studied in France and Switzerland as well. Bache was a good student at the University of Pennsylvania, having graduated in 1787; later at a school in Geneva, Switzerland, he won the school prize for translating Latin into French. Perhaps affected by being taken from his family at such a young age, as well as his grandfather's lengthy absences due to his diplomatic work, Bache appeared depressed and shy as an adolescent. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Benjamin Franklin Bache (journalist)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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